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Carnegie Endowment for International Peace
￥1,942,500.-（税込）
Edited by David Kinley
22 Volumes (of 26)
INTRODUCTION
- The Division proposed at once to adjust the program of its researches to the new and altered problems which the war presented. These were of immediate and transcendent importance. The costs, direct and indirect, of the conflict, the commercial policies induced by it and the direct control exercised by governments in many spheres of economic activity where formerly competition and individual freedom held sway offered phenomena that called, before almost all others, for scientific study. At the suggestion of the Director a plan was drawn up by the present General Editor in which it was proposed by means of an historical survey to attempt to measure the economic cost of the war and the displacement which it was causing in the processes of civilization.
- During the actual progress of the war, however, the execution of this plan for scientific and objective study of war economics proved impossible in any large and authoritative way and it became desirable that a series of shorter preliminary studies should be prepared dealing with topics of immediate importance in connection with the war. Under the supervision of Dr. Kinley, of the University of Illinois, member the Committee of Research, plans for such a series were made during the summer of 1917. This series was intended, as its name implies, to furnish such facts and analyses of conditions as were possible during the war and until the "ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL HISTORY OF THE WORLD WAR" could be undertaken and brought to completion. A list of the publications issued under the series will be found here.
Edited by James T. Shotwell
139 Volumes (of 141)
Total 161 Volumes (of 167) Price upon Request
INTRODUCTION
- In 1919 the present Director of the Division of Economics & History was appointed General Editor of the proposed Economic & Social History of the World War and, as soon as he was released from his duties as a member of the American delegation at the Peace Conference at Paris, he developed the plans for the History along the lines which have been subsequently realized. A final conference of the Committee of Research was held at Paris in September, 1919, where the deliberations were limited to the discussion of the important series of short preliminary surveys of special problems then confronting Europe, which series has been described above. The Committee of Research was then dissolved and replaced by Editorial Committees or Editors appointed by the General Editor in the various countries concerned. The first tast was naturally the preservation of the necessary documentary material. Much of this, owing to the exigencies of war, would have been destroyed or rendered difficult of access had it not been for the efforts of those associated with this History. Guides to materials and descriptions of archives have been prepared wherever necessary. The body of the work, however, consists of monographs written by those directly in touch with the subjects treated, either as wartime administrating or as privileged observers who could not only procure but interpret as well the document bases of the History. The work itself, therefore, par takes to some extent of the dual nature of personal memoirs and of official or authoritative documentation. In view of this fact, it does not attempt to make a complete survey but is so articulated with official and other publications as to deal mainly with those effects of the war which are not adequately covered elsewhere.
- The change in the character of the work of the Division proceeded rapidly. The Editorial Committee appointed were composed of men who possessed the highest personal qualification for the service which they undertook to render, and probably no historical work has ever included so eminent and highly qualified a body of writers. Some one hundred and fifty volumes were published. While the primary interest of the History is scientific, its ultimate purpose is to further peace by revealing what war does to civilization. The processes of economic & history with which it deals are not incidental and temporary; on the contrary, they are fundamental and constant. But this means, as well, that they are slow and hard to change. As Mr. Elihu Root once said in another connection, "We are dealing with aptitudes and impulses firmly established in human nature through the development of thousands of years, and the utmost that any one generation can hope to do is to promote the gradual change of standards of conduct. All estimates of such a work and its result must be in terms not of individual human life, but in terms of the long life of nations. Inconspicuous as are the immediate results, however, there can be no nobler object of human effort than to exercise an influence upon the tendencies of the race, so that it shall move, however slowly, in the direction of civilization and humanity and away from senseless brutality."
- On January 4, 1924, the first Director of the Division of Economics and History, Dr. John Bates Clark, resigned, and Professor James T. Shotwell was appointed Director. Under his direction, the Economic and Social History of the World War, of which he continued to be General Editor, was brought to a conclusion and the program of the Division was shifted from a study of the problems of war to those of peace. The monographs which have been prepared in recent years have been of two kinds: separate studies and cooperative series of studies dealing with major problems and events.
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